Description

C.B. is a 70-year-old Caucasian woman with a history of hypertension, and 26-year 1PPD smoking history, who presents today with complaints of trouble breathing for several years but has progressively gotten worse. Her shortness of breath is worse with exertion and improves with rest. She also complains of some swelling in her feet and ankles, and fatigue. Upon exam, patient has a pansystolic murmur, and bilateral 1+ pretibial edema, lungs are clear to auscultation. The echocardiogram showed mean gradient consistent with severe aortic stenosis, estimated area consistent with severe/critical aortic stenosis 0.65cm2.