Description

QUESTION 1

Which of the following initial diagnostic tests is the BEST for confirmation of the diagnosis of Aortic Stenosis?

QUESTION 2

Which of the following pharmacologic therapies is indicated for Aortic Insufficiency due to Aortic Stenosis?

QUESTION 3

Heart Failure (HF) with an Ejection Fraction (EF) of 20% is most likely due to                              .

QUESTION 4

A 40-year-old male with no significant past medical history presents with intermittent shortness of breath when walking more than 2 blocks. He denies chest pain, smoking, and drug/alcohol abuse. He is in no acute distress and has normal vital signs and his lungs are clear to auscultation. Of note, he has a systolic murmur that is heard best at the apex and left lower sternal border. The ECG shows left ventricular hypertrophy. Which of the following is the BEST statement to describe further clinical management?

QUESTION 5

Which of the following is unlikely to be noted in the person experiencing HF?

QUESTION 6

A 30-year-old patient is transferred to your facility from the Caribbean for further treatment. The patient is currently in Atrial Fibrillation (Afib) and has dyspnea, orthopnea, and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea. The patient has history of Rheumatic Fever and on auscultation has a low-pitched diastolic murmur best heard at the apex. What is the TOP differential diagnosis for this patient?

QUESTION 7

In Heart Failure (HF), lack of forward flow can cause decrease perfusion to the kidneys. This will lead to fluid retention and HF exacerbation based on the activation of the                         .

QUESTION 8

Of the following people, who has no significant increased risk for developing bacterial endocarditis?

QUESTION 9

Which of the following best describes the patient presentation of NY Heart Association stage III heart disease?

QUESTION 10

Almost all cases of Mitral Stenosis are related